In mid nineteenth–century France, women began to take on more active roles in public life and political discourse. They participated in protests, strikes and political discussions, demanding greater rights, including suffrage. In his 1849 series Socialist Women, Honoré Daumier satirises the fight for women’s independence. In keeping with contemporary misogynistic attitudes, Daumier portrays politically active, left-leaning women as overly zealous, disconnected from practical concerns, and bordering on the ridiculous. In the first plate from the series, three women resemble witches gathered around a cauldron.